What to Feed and NOT Feed Hedgehogs (now a Red Listed species)

 From a hedgehog rescue:

don’t feed calciworms. An excess of calcium is just as harmful as a lack.

Dried insects can also cause bowel impactions which are not good for wild animals whatsoever.

Stick to meaty cat or dog food, dry kitten kibble is a good match with their mouth size, with a meat ingredient listed first not cereal. Higher protein in the analysis is best - definitely over 30% and preferably 35 and up.

Plenty of fresh water at all times. Wet food attracts flies and freezes solid in winter, so dry is often better. If cats are a problem, a cat proof feeding station or try one of the few hedgehog specific foods that are safe and relatively nutritious - brambles dry or semi moist, spikes dry (their semi moist contains high levels of sugar which rots teeth leading to death by starvation). Avoid any that have oats, fruit, seeds, nuts, honey, or insects. No bread or water, no fruit or veg.

Local Wildlife News -Face Book Finds it Offensive and against 'community' guidelines

 

Face Book sees this newsletter and my original comments as spam and violating the 'community standards' while sex scammers and conmen as well as supporters of blood sports and more are considered "safe". I may be moving all future content from my group here.

The 'offending item'

Wildlife News (33:22)

Lots About Rivers in this Edition

What a Difference a Day Makes

In the last Wildlife News, we reported that the BS3 Wildlife Group had failed to secure £5,000 to fund Bristol Avon Rivers Trust (BART) to undertake a survey of Colliter's Brook as part of our aim to enhance the stream for human visitors and wildlife.     The very next day, we were informed that 'an anonymous donor' had stumped up the money.    The Colliter's Brook project will therefor go ahead along with the Malago/Pigeonhouse project.      We hope to circulate both reports sometime in the first half of 2023.

Although we'll be carrying news of these projects from time to time on both facebook and in this newsletter, we are also beginning to gather together individuals and organisations that want to help in the actual delivery of the projects over the next six? months.    We already have two quite long lists, but we are happy to make them longer.     Get back to mywildbedminster@virginmedia.com if you would like to know how you might help.     The range of skills that we are likely to need is quite extensive, from litter picking to organising a press conference and recognising otter poo when you see it.

The Butterflies of Manor Woods

Manor Woods Valley (BS13) is a Local Nature Reserve in South Bristol.      It's probably the best kept and surveyed stretch of the Malago.    Attached is their latest butterfly survey, their fourth.     The report says: 'There are 57 resident butterfly species in the UK, several of these have a limited geographical distribution.    There are also 3 migrant species that occur often, but do not establish self-sustaining populations.    38 species have been recorded in the Bristol region since 2014 and reported to the BRERC online database.    Exactly half of these - 19 - including one migrant, Painted Lady, have been recorded in Manor Woods Valley during the butterfly monitoring surveys'.

Not surprisingly, the surveys carried out in BS3/Greater Bedminster suggest very much the same species are to be found.    One difference is that the Brown Argus (a 'blue'!) has not been reported in Bedminster, although a tentative Small Heath (a 'brown') was claimed a year or two ago.     Also, in Bedminster they have identified Small skippers several times, whereas in Manor Woods they have hedged their bets and declared for Small/Essex skippers (Thymelicus sylvestris and Thymelicus lineola).     These are two seperate species, but very hard to tell apart.     I guess too that the balance between the two areas may be different in that woodland species will do well in Manor Woods, but the woodland of BS3 is thin on the ground.    Indeed, a few years ago, BCC judged Bedminster Community Partnership as ranking 14th (ie last) for tree cover amongs the then Neighbourhood Partnerships.

We know that other groups will have been monitoring their space for butterflies and it would be good to receive more reports like the excellent and informative one from the Manor Woods Valley Group.

Monitoring the Wildlife of the Bristol Region

A few species have been well surveyed either nationally or locally over a decade or two, so our understanding of whether or not they are thiving is quite good.    But, many surveys are one offs.     Different methodoligies are used.    So, for many species although we may have a general feeling that species X is declining, expanding, moving from one area to another or whatever, we can't be certain.    It's difficult to be sure whether fluctuations are short-term responses, perhaps to weather, or longer term responses, perhaps to climate.

As we've reported previously, there is a working group in Bristol looking at what reliable information is actually available.    We expect that report before the end of 2022.     The report may also include suggestions about best and more consistent practice in monitoring particular types of wildlife.     Of course, producing suggestions and putting them into operation are two separate things.      We will also have to choose between leaving monitoring to an expanded cohort of professionals funded by taxpayers or training up 'citizen scientists' who will do it for free.      Oh the horror!!      Having to wander around on a sunny day looking for grasshoppers.

River Frome Story Map

Although our main interest in rivers relates to Natural History, their History History can be quite interesting too.    See https://arcg.is/XDvPv for the history of Bristol's second river.

Bristol Folkhouse

Many of you will know the Bristol Folkhouse on Park Street: a long term and well respected adult education centre.    They applied to the recent BCC fund administered by Quartet and unlike BS3 Wildlife Group were successful first time.     They have been awarded £2800 to make their courtyard into a more wildlife friendly space by installing a pond and a sedum roof.     Good luck to the Folkhouse and we look forward to some pictures.

As part of the response, the Folkhouse has been requested to provide a 'safegarding policy' presumably especially in relation to the pond, but it's not clear what this means.     Does anyone else have a 'safeguarding policy' for ponds and sedum roofs that they could share with the Folkhouse.    If so, please send it to Wildlife News and we'll bounce it on.

It would be good to hear about other successful applications to this fund.   What did you get?      How will you use it?     Got any pictures?

Grass Raking in Sea Mills

We used some of our Bristol Health Partnership money (now all gone) to commission a scientific survey of land next to the River Trym in Sea Mills.     Basically, this advised that the council should let the grass grow.     The report was presented to Parks officers and was agreed, provided volunteers could be found to clear away the grass when it was eventually cut back.     See the attached pictures illustrating  the success of this strategy.

Thanks to Nikki Jones for this information.      What's happening in your part of the region?    We know there are lots of good things happening, so don't be shy.     Pick up your trumpet and blow it.

Big Blob Identified in Bristol Region

The neighbourhood wildlife groups began to appear in 2017 with the BS3 Wildlife Group and the following year the first facebook group was established, thanks to Finbar Cullen      It now has over 1500 participants sharing ideas, information and, most important of all, pictures of local wildlife.      The BS4 Wildlife Group followed and soon several other districts had a facebook group.    Our latest map (thanks to Dougal Matthews and Glenn Turner for putting this together) shows that there is now a facebook group operating in everyone of Bristol's postal districts and that the Facebook blob is beginning to invade the surrounding region.    The estimated participation rate is over 5000 and growing.    Has The Blob reached your postcode yet?

Please pass this newsletter on to friends and neighbours and invite them to join the circulation group.    Let me know if you want to drop out.

My added comments

Hi, Ben,

Hope you are doing well.

Ahh, leave it up to volunteers and "citizen scientists" 🙂 I've been doing fox, wildcat, badger and wildlife advisory work for free since 1976 and the one thing I've found is that people will not even report dead foxes or badgers but that might be because Bristol, like most places, is not interested in the carnivorous mammals -pretty deer, birds and butterflies.

I started monitoring wildlife in Ashton Vale when I moved her in 1994 and found that no one was really interested (I had to deal with adders and such not to mention sick and injured birds by myself). It would be nice if each area had 2-3 people dedicated to helping injured wildlife but I think in 20 years (doubt I'll be around) we'll still see the same situation. For many its a hobby or being part of a social group. Few are willing to deal with the blood, broken wings etc.

I'd really like to see wildlife groups liaising more because I've accumulated far more information on Bristol badgers (not info for release) and foxes than you can find online. Basically you cannot expect people to do what you would like but you often hope to find people with dedication!

Cheers

Terry

Be Tick Aware!

 

A Garden In A "Wildlife Deprivation Zone" (I'm Told)

 I have decided to put two old posts together as, amongst other things (like finding both) it shows what is in an area Avon Wildlife Trust still calls a "wildlife Deprivation area" (1994, 2000 and 2015 -after that I gave up). Its why I set up the Vale Wildlife Group in 1994.

______________________________________________________________________

 Hmm. So Lola the would be Killer Bitch Queen cat has been getting closer and closer to me. Came up the path quickly today. Right by my knee as I talked to her. Food might have something to do with it. I've mentioned this isn't my cat, right? Let me take photos of her.

Below: Lola who is the fastest moving little cat I've ever seen. Last week I saw her with a juvenile rat she killed in the garden.  Look at her....

On the other side of things. I have ten species of tree in my garden. The Buddleja alternifoliua (lilac coloured flower cones) may need trimming back this year as no flowers yet.

Above: Buddleja globosa
Below: Bridal Wreath ( Spiraea fritschiana)

But I have Buddleja globosa all over the place and they are crammed with flowers -putting food in the bird feeders its a wave of honey scent. No wonder the bumble bees, honey bees and others are all over it.

Ornamental cherry tree (Prunus sargentii) flowers quick and is gone. Elder Trees we have three so they will flower and then...

LOTS of elder berries but as I don't drink....Oak of course.

Willows.

Mock Orange I have a big one and four growing from cuttings and they are about 6 feet (2.1m) tall now.

Conifers, obviously.

 Above: Do you see it in the Bridal Wreath tree?
Below: A Marsh or Willow Tit (only one sure way of knowing but not a good enough photo) -call seems to say Willow Tit but there have been calls from both types.

Bridal Wreath (Spiraea fritschiana) still has all its lovely scented flowers the BIG tree is also same species (I think)but 3 times taller.

Laburnum tree which has yellow flowers earlier in the year.

Apple tree.

 Above....Herring gull. I have a lot of arguments with him.
Below: Albinistic jackdaw.

Below: When I first saw this bird in 2010 I never got a close look but something other than the squirrel was stealing the acorns...a Jay.  It has been back a few times this year on the feeder and "plucked" showing she has young!

Below: Wood pigeons

 Above: A wood pigeon egg and, below, a juvenile wood pigeon!

Below: Blue tits

There are various types of ivy (plain and variegated). Ferns. Rose bushes -one growing up through the oak.

Lots of wild flowers (wild flowers are what they call "Weeds" -as one gardener put it: "Weeds is flowers growing where you don't want them growing!"). All provide nectar.

LOTS of insects and I've even seen beetles return this year -hedgehogs do not live by dog and cat food alone (especially that randy little sod). Birds need insects. And ants....bigger colonies this year and, yes, they are herding the aphids.

I can now say that I have seen at least three common shrews (front garden and back).  So they are back here in some strength. There are also field mice and, as the now friendly but still semi wild Lola has shown, the occasional rat (building work nearby is disturbing them so they come into my garden!).

Slow worms -never had my camera on me.  Same thing for a Common lizard and I've seen these in the past so they are here.

The Vixen (Vulpes vulpes)

Above: the vixen who had cubs this year -one of two coming here and there is a younger adult male, too.
From last year and apologies for any naughty words!

Now, with so many people cutting down trees, ripping up hedges and gardens (the main road out front looks like a car showroom just tiled parking place after tiled parking place.

First photo of female hedgehog 2009

Below: Young Hedgehog out in April 2011 and really needed feeding!

Below: Sow and young 2011

Below:The hoglet is the little one in the middle. The curled up position is defensive -the spikes make sure dogs, etc., can't grab them. The sow was VERY aggressive and I'm guessing when I went to check things out the, uh, 'dead' one decided to pull out all the tricks! I should have known better but it fooled me! Mind you...it could have been a zombie hedgehog! 2011

All below 2016. Male and at least two females known in this garden.

When I moved down to this area in 1995 it was classed as "a wildlife deprivation zone". 20+ species of wild bird come into my garden during the year, badger, foxes, hedgehogs.

Let us not forget the mystery of the odd calls.....(still going on in July!)

My wildlife file cards list a lot. Twenty-one species of bird for a start!

Above: I still have to identify the small lilac-pinkish coloured wild flowers but bees like them.

Below: female sparrow hawk with pigeon it killed by front lane.

 Below: The hawk took down and killed the pigeon about 100 yards away by the kitchen waste bin. To the fore you see the front gate where she took it to eat.

 Below: The fifth pigeon kill by this female sparrowhawk in two weeks -this by back window. Her markings were clear enough. The other female and male sparrowhawk returned to garden but this seemed the main killer.

 Below: this female sparrowhawk (white mark on neck) along with the male used to go into the bushes to flush out the smaller birds but NOT kill. It seemed them testing out their skills and "playing".  The female hawk that killed regularly had a large white patch further down her back so she was easily identifiable.

Other birds in my garden regularly, and I do not want to spend all day uploading photos!

Wood Pigeons
Collared Doves
Jay
Feral (dumped racing) pigeons
Magpies
White Wagtails
Hedge sparrow (Dunnock)
House sparrows
Robin (year round)
Thrushes
Blackbirds
Long Tailed Tit
Blue Tit
Great Tit
Marsh Tit
Willow Tit
House Bunting
Yellow Hammer
Reed Bunting
Chaffinch
Gold Finch
Bull Finch
Green Finch
Starling
Crows
Rooks
Jackdaws (the above three birds are here all year round and have plenty of young (3rd lot jackdaws this year just coming in)

there are other, occasional birds but these are the main ones.

Below the female squirrel whose activities I've documented on Face Book!

Below: outside my window -two Mallow bushes (in pots) and in the middle a tiny willow. The rest is all wild flower and Nigella.

A few packets of flower seeds, a bush and a bird feeder -and a source of water like a bird bath or mini pond. That is all it takes. We can't keep on taking and not giving back.

I have noted, this year, an increase in the number of different beetle types -probably due to all the wet weather we've had.  Not seen this many for years. 

What makes me sad is that I have spent 1994 -2016 spreading wild flower seeds around the area, treated manged foxes, taken in injured and sick birds -including feral pigeons,planted to encourage wild life and increased food for various birds (seen a rise in starling young each year and this year a huge number of Marsh tits) and am thinking of a new shallow pond. Twenty three years and I have to remember that from an area with not much wildlife I, and a couple aged compatriots who do their bit when they can, or could (one died recently) have seen it increase in leaps and bounds to what it is today. There is no protection for the property as it is City Council owned and if I get moved on or something happens to me...it all goes.

But we do what we can while we are here and I urge everyone to do the same!

Below: Nigella

Ahh, the things you find in the Summer in your garden.  Some can be quite mysterious. Some can make you scream out "What's that?!"  If you are in the UK the answer is not Bigfoot!

The thing is that most people only pay attention to their flower bed or the height of their grass and most have no idea about insects or wildlife...or things insects leave around.  Such as this....

 Not great photos (I need a new camera!) but this brownish ball is a gall of Andricus kollari Andricus kollari.  More information can be found here:https://alchetron.com/Andricus-kollari-1700793-W

DO NOT panic as they are harmless to your trees and there is no treatment anyway.

 Now if I had a better camera it would look like this, from Nature Spot UK http://www.naturespot.org.uk/taxonomy/term/19701

Below: Wondering what that other stuff was ~everything in one shot!

 Below (left) in photo are the brown clusters of Common spangle gall (Neuroterus quercusbaccarum)

 To the right (above) the pointy items is a gall of the Oak gall wasp
Andricus, Neuroterus, Biorhiza and Cynips species More information as well as photos can be found here: https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile?PID=803

Round brown objects on leaves (above left) Common spangle gall (Neuroterus quercusbaccarum) on Oak (Quercus robur)

My ornamental cherry tree has had clear sap coming from it for years.  Now, if you do a web search "sap coming from ornamental cherry tree" you get this:

Common name Bacterial cankerScientific name Pseudomonas syringae pv. morsprunorum and P. s. pv. syringaePlants affected Prunus speciesMain symptoms Sunken, dead patches of bark and small holes in leavesCaused by BacteriaTiming Cankers form in mid-spring, shotholes on foliage from early summer
Now, my tree does not have "shot~hole" so I need to up its feed and I just used the last of the chicken pellet fertilizer on it.  Leaf cutter insects I find plenty of evidence of!  But there is one thing I encourage and that is any type of garden spider building its web between branches.  

 So I do not have to worry and as fruit trees do tend to release sap and this one does this every year, has good looking green leaves and an abundance of cherries (ask the jackdaws, crows and rooks how they taste  because they were grabbing them almost as fast ~but not quite~ as the squirrel.

Oh, and I did as suggested and cut the sap away and no 'sawdust' indicating bore worm just solid wood.

Plenty of snails, as well as empty shells from where blackbirds have eaten the snail.  Slugs. Quite a few and of a lot of different types (they tend to have a meal on the food put out for foxes and the hedgehogs!).  They also make a great addition to The Green Man (photo top of page).

I've watched a couple of very large hedgehogs, who do not give a damn how much noise they make by the front door (food station in poor weather) nor how many times I have to get up to make sure it isn't burglars!

As both fox and hedgehogs alter their visiting times I was worried that I might just be feeding cats ~a good few pass through here~ and I wanted to make sure.  The old trick is to use a "sand trap" an inch thick (2.5cms) layer of sand around a food dish (in this case) and see what tracks you get. I had no sand so resorted to an old ghost hunters trick ~a layer of talcum powder.

The tracks next day showed a large gull, magpie and cat tracks but also hedgehog and fox. The hedgie tracks don't show up well but the fox ones are reasonable.

 Above, top left the rounded pad of a cat. To the right of that a canid (fox) track showing a nail print.
Below: WHERE to begin! Cat and fox but if you look at the upper right side of the manhole cover you have magpie tracks.  You can also clearly see the webbed gull tracks!

I've also seen the small vixen close to and there was no sign of mange.

There are other indicators of hedgehogs, of course. Poop.  Yes, I know that it should not but it makes me smile seeing it.  It shows if the hedgehog in question is healthy or not.  So when I walked out my front door in June and almost stepped on this I had to go fetch the camera!

I knew one neighbour who used to talk about his arguments with the neighbour who "chucked bits of black tar" onto his lawn.  Never ever saw him do this and pointed to some of this "tar"...hedgehog poop.

From the photos you will see there are plenty of acorns this year. So squirrel should be okay though I spied one of the gardens further along has a squirrel feeder in it (YAY! People beginning to get more wildlife friendly around here at last).  It also means the Jay will be back so I need to sort a feeder out for it.

Lola the cat from somewhere (aka: killer bitch queen for the number of mice, at least one juvenile rat and shrews she has killed) helped out by climbing trees I was trying to inspect and cut back.  And she also helped by attempting to tackle my boots.

Below: Lola on patrol.

Black ants.  oh the black ants. They do say the red ones bite.  Right. The black ones really bite in, especially if I put my arm against the oak tree while filling the bird feeder...in fact, the main type of ant I've seen in the garden (front and back) are black ants.  I used to watch them as they herded aphids in the already mentioned cherry tree.

Below: Kingdom of the Ants!!

All the cut branches from a while back are now stored and will probably be used as supports for other plants, etc..

Below: wood pigeons.  At one point these birds and collared doves were almost wiped out in the UK but since the 1970s have come back in numbers.

The collared doves, wood pigeons, magpies, rooks, jackdaws, crows and of course, pigeons, are still flipping around and so are the smaller birds.

So much of the local habitat has been cut back or destroyed and as new people move in and out gardens are turned over, concreted, paving slabbed and shrubs and bushes done away with. It is nice to see people plant more things these days and not realize ~or realize~ it encourages wildlife.  If you dont have the habitat you don't get Eye Hawk Moths breeding.  These two were, uh, "snuggling up" last month on my back wall.

Not great but this photo shows why how they got the name.

There has also been one or two very large moths shoot out from the shade of the barrel planted potatoes.  Too fast for me to see what they were.  Next year I plan a survey.

Below: potatoes in a bin!

 First year after repotting ~my apple tree

Yes, with foxes, cats, hedgehogs and no real soil here, we reverted to the old trick of planting potatoes in an old plastic barrel bin.  I had planned to use the plastic compost bin, however, we have a colony of bumble bees in there so it's their home now!

Next year is also the planting of more vegetables and fruit in barrels because that means no chemicals and we know where it all came from!

Also, the 12" (30cms) tall nightshade plant has...er...grown a bit. Need to move it from the front door where it is suitably identified as toxic in case some idiot plays about with it.